Industry Group 331: Steel Works, Blast Furnaces, And Rolling And Finishing Mills Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing hot metal, pig iron, and silvery pig iron from iron ore and iron and steel scrap; converting pig iron, scrap iron, and scrap steel into steel; and in hot-rolling iron and steel into basic shapes, such as plates, sheets, strips, rods, bars, and tubing. Merchant blast furnaces and by-product or beehive coke ovens are also included in this industry. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing ferro and nonferrous additive alloys by electrometallurgical processes are classified in Industry 3313. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing ferro and nonferrous metal additive alloys by electrometallurgical or metallothermic processes, including high percentage ferroalloys and high percentage nonferrous additive alloys. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing electrometallurgical steel are classified in Industry 3312. Establishments primarily engaged in drawing wire from purchased iron or steel rods, bars, or wire and which may be engaged in the further manufacture of products made from wire; establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing steel nails and spikes from purchased materials are also included in this industry. Rolling mills engaged in the production of ferrous wire from wire rods or hot-rolled bars produced in the same establishment are classified in Industry 3312. Establishments primarily engaged in drawing nonferrous wire are classified in Industry Group 335. Establishments primarily engaged in: (1) cold-rolling steel sheets and strip from purchased hot-rolled sheets; (2) cold-drawing steel bars and steel shapes from purchased hot-rolled steel bars; and (3) producing other cold finished steel. Establishments primarily engaged in the production of steel, including hot-rolled steel sheets, and further cold-rolling such sheets are classified in Industry 3312. Establishments primarily engaged in the production of welded or seamless steel pipe and tubes and heavy riveted steel pipe from purchased materials. Establishments primarily engaged in the production of steel, including steel skelp or steel blanks, tube rounds, or pierced billets, are classified in Industry 3312.

Industry Group 332: Iron And Steel Foundries Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing gray and ductile iron castings, including cast iron pressure and soil pipes and fittings. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing malleable iron castings. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing steel investment castings. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing steel castings, not elsewhere classified.

Industry Group 333: Primary Smelting And Refining Of Nonferrous Metals Establishments primarily engaged in smelting copper from the ore, and in refining copper by electrolytic or other processes. Establishments primarily engaged in rolling, drawing, or extruding copper are classified in Industry 3351. Establishments primarily engaged in producing aluminum from alumina and in refining aluminum by any process. Establishments primarily engaged in rolling, drawing, or extruding aluminum are classified in Industry Group 335. Establishments primarily engaged in smelting and refining nonferrous metals, except copper and aluminum. Establishments primarily engaged in rolling, drawing, and extruding these nonferrous primary metals are classified in Industry 3356, and the production of bullion at the site of the mine is classified in Division B, Mining.

Industry Group 334: Secondary Smelting And Refining Of Nonferrous Metals Establishments primarily engaged in recovering nonferrous metals and alloys from new and used scrap and dross or in producing alloys from purchased refined metals. This industry includes establishments engaged in both the recovery and alloying of precious metals. Plants engaged in the recovery of tin through secondary smelting and refining, as well as by chemical processes, are included in this industry. Establishments primarily engaged in assembling, sorting, and breaking up scrap metal, without smelting and refining, are classified in Wholesale Trade, Industry 5093.

Industry Group 335: Rolling, Drawing, And Extruding Of Nonferrous Metals Establishments primarily engaged in rolling, drawing, and extruding copper, brass, bronze, and other copper base alloy basic shapes, such as plate, sheet, strip, bar, and tubing. Establishments primarily engaged in recovering copper and its alloys from scrap or dross are classified in Industry 3341. Establishments primarily engaged in flat rolling aluminum and aluminum base alloy basic shapes, such as sheet, plate, and foil, including establishments producing welded tube. Also included are establishments primarily producing similar products by continuous casting. Establishments primarily engaged in extruding aluminum and aluminum base alloy basic shapes, such as rod and bar, pipe and tube, and tube blooms including establishments producing tube by drawing. Establishments primarily engaged in rolling, drawing, and other operations resulting in the production of aluminum ingot, including extrusion ingot, and aluminum and aluminum-base alloy basic shapes, not elsewhere classified, such as rolled and continuous cast rod and bar. Establishments primarily engaged in producing aluminum powder, flake, and paste are classified in Industry 3399, and those producing aluminum wire and cable from purchased wire bars, rods, or wire are classified in Industry 3357. Establishments primarily engaged in rolling, drawing, and extruding nonferrous metals other than copper and aluminum. The products of this industry are in the form of basic shapes, such as plate, sheet, strip, bar, and tubing. Establishments primarily engaged in recovering nonferrous metals and alloys from scrap or dross are classified in Industry 3341; those manufacturing gold, silver, tin, and other foils, except aluminum, are classified in Industry 3497; and those manufacturing aluminum foil are classified in Industry 3353. Establishments primarily engaged in drawing, drawing and insulating, and insulating wire and cable of nonferrous metals from purchased wire bars, rods, or wire. Also included are establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing insulated fiber optic cable. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing glass fiber optic materials are classified in Industry 3229, and those manufacturing fabricated wire products from purchased wire are classified in Industry 3496.

Industry Group 336: Nonferrous Foundries (castings) Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing die-castings of aluminum (including alloys). Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing nonferrous metal die-castings, except aluminum. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing aluminum (including alloys) castings, except die-castings. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing copper (including alloys) castings, except die-castings. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing nonferrous metal castings (including alloys), except all die-castings and other castings of aluminum or copper.

Industry Group 339: Miscellaneous Primary Metal Products Establishments primarily engaged in heat treating of metal for the trade. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing primary metal products, not elsewhere classified, such as nonferrous nails, brads, and spikes, and metal powder, flakes, and paste.

The following table represents only the potential occupational health concerns related to the entire Primary Metal Industries based on a job task or work activity, and any related OSHA standards for regulatory compliance. The information presented does not indicate or suggest a relative risk of exposure based on the location within the table nor provides any exposure information. Health risks associated with fatigue, working long hours, stress living away from home, and other psychosocial disorders are not addressed.

The focus of this information is to provide guidance to understand the occupational health hazards from chemical substances, physical and biological agents, radiological, ergonomic, and environmental hazards from exposure to plants and animals. Potential occupational health exposures in this industry were contrived from the OSHA Integrated Management Information System database between 1984 to 2020.

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